Hyderabad Diaries

Miyan Mishk Mahal (also known as Mushk Mahal or Mishk Mahal), a 17th‑century Qutb Shahi heritage site in Attapur, Hyderabad: 🏛️ Historical Background & Architecture Constructed in 1678 by Miyan Malik Mishk , an Abyssinian commander (Keeper of the Royal Key and head of the Carnatic forces) under the last Qutb Shahi ruler, Abul Hasan Tana Shah ( deccanchronicle.com ). Originally a three‑storied garden pavilion set across ~10 acres, with water‑works and scenic views of the Musi river, Golconda fort, and Charminar ( newindianexpress.com ). Built using granite, limestone, and stucco—typical of Qutb Shahi style—with oriel windows, arches, a zenana (women’s quarters), and a central fountain ( deccanchronicle.com ). Located near Purana Pul in Attapur on the Musi's northern bank, opposite the historical Masjid-e-Miyan Mishk (which was built 1674–1681) ( en.wikipedia.org ). 🕌 Masjid-e-Miyan...

Mysorean Rockets: Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan's Forgotten Military Innovation Mysorean Rockets:  In the late 18th century, the kingdom of Mysore under Tipu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali became the birthplace of one of the most significant advancements in early rocketry: the Mysorean rockets .  pic credit Though rockets were not invented by Tipu Sultan , his army was the first in the world to successfully design, mass-produce, and deploy metal-cylinder rockets in warfare . pic credit Unlike earlier rockets used in China and medieval India that relied on paper or bamboo casings, Mysorean rockets featured iron tubes to hold the gunpowder propellant.  This innovation allowed them to withstand higher pressure and travel longer distances—reportedly up to 2 kilometers —making them more effective as weapons of war. Tipu Sultan recognized the strategic potential of this technology. He established a dedicated rocket corps comprising around 5,000 me...

The establishment of railways under the Nizams of Hyderabad was a significant chapter in the modernization of the princely state during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It reflected the fusion of economic necessity, political strategy, and social transformation. Background and Social Context Hyderabad, under the Asaf Jahi dynasty (Nizams), was one of the largest and wealthiest princely states in British India.  By the mid-19th century, Hyderabad was undergoing socio-economic transformation. There was growing awareness among the elite and administrators that modern infrastructure, especially transportation, was vital for improving trade, governance, and connectivity between rural and urban areas. The British Empire had already begun building an extensive railway network across India, and the Nizam recognized the strategic and economic advantage of joining this network.  The Hyderabad State also had its own administration, revenue system, and a...